Islam :: essays research papers

ISLAM   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There has been much talk about Muslim beliefs and the Islam nation altogether. The basis of the religion is peaceful and understanding. While people twist the belief around to fit their own needs. It is based on the teachings of Muhammad. He was born in Mecca, which is the capital of Islamic belief.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Muhammad was born and raised in the city of Mecca. He grew up as a merchant and had a wife. He would wander around outside of the city by himself often. He wandered so much that he had no job but his wife believed in him so she supported him. One day he had a vision of the angel Gabriel. Gabriel told him that he was a prophet and he should spread the word of god. He went back to Mecca and told everyone what had happened and decided to teach everyone the way of God. No one believed him and he was ridiculed for his beliefs. So he decided to go on a trip which was called the â€Å"Hijra†. When he came back to Mecca he had many converts. Then the people of Mecca started to believe him and became converts themselves. This is the story of Muhammad and his teachings. All this and more were written down in the Muslim holy book, the â€Å"Koran†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The five pillars are the five ways to be a good and decent Muslim. The first pillar is â€Å"Shahadah† which is to declare your belief by saying shahadah. Which means declaring god or Allah is almighty, and believing in the prophethood of Muhammad. The second pillar is â€Å"Salah† or prayer. Prayer must be done five times a day towards Mecca or the general direction of Mecca. The third pillar is â€Å"Zakah† or tax on the wealth. Everyone must give a percent of their earnings to the poor. The fourth pillar is â€Å"Sawm† which is fasting during the month of Ramadan. The fifth and last pillar is to at least once in their lives to â€Å"Hajj† or make a trip to Mecca when one is willing and able to.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is so much trouble in the world because of guys who like to change the meaning of some things in religion when it is obvious what they mean.

Film Report on the Movie Signs Essay

I chose to do my film report on the movie signs. This movie featured Mel Gibson as Graham Hess, Joaquin Phoenix as Merrill Hess, Rory Culkin as Morgan Hess, and Abigail Breslin as Bo Hess. This movie takes place in Bucks County Pennsylvania which is about 45 miles from Philadelphia. It is about a Rev. whose wife passes away and he starts to deny his faith until he realizes that sometimes bad things aren’t as bad as this may seem at the current time. The movie starts off with weird things happening, crop circles being first. The crop circles are first noticed Graham Hess calls the local sheriff. They think that it is a prank by the Prichard brothers but they realize that it was too perfect and the stocks were bent over but not broken so it could not have been done by a machine. Then the dog starts barking ferociously at Bo and ends up dead because it falls on a grill fork that Morgan has in his hand. Bo is always asking for water because she says there are monsters keeps sitting glasses of water all over the house. They realize that something is wrong whenever Graham sees an alien looking creature on top of the barn then when they go out and runaround they cannot find anyone. The next day the news comes on and talks about crop circles popping up all over the world and Morgan says â€Å"extraterrestrials† pWhen they go to town and come home they start hearing voices on a baby monitor that Morgan found in the basement. Graham has a talk with his brother when his brother asks do you think this is the end of the world. He answers yes is that the answer you wanted. Graham says: People break down into two groups when they experience something lucky. Group number one sees it as more than luck, more than a coincidence; they see it as a sign, evidence that there is someone up there watching out for them. Group number two sees it as pure luck, happy, chance deep down they feel they are on their own and that fills them with fear†¦ Group number one deep down they feel that whatever is going to happen there will be someone there to help them and that fills them with hope. So what you have to ask yourself is what kind of person are you, the kind of see signs and sees miracles were just believe people get lucky†¦ Is it possible that there are no coincidences? (Gibson) Morgan got a book about Aliens when they went in town. The book depicts a house that looks exactly like his. The book says that the aliens are either coming to harvest resources or to invade and that one of two things will happen if it’s the latter, they will be defeated and return many years later or they will win. According to the book, crop circles are landmarks used for navigation. A cut scene depicts how Graham’s wife died and why he lost his faith. Ray Reddy, the man that fell asleep at the wheel and ultimately killed his wife apologizes and says why at that moment did that happen, why not before or after he passed her? He says he don’t remember the exact moment that it happened. Her last statement to her husband was; tell Merrill to swing away. At this point it makes no sense to anyone. Once they come to realize that an invasion is imminent, they start boarding the house up to keep the aliens out. This is after they decide to stay put and not go to the lake. They eventually head to the basement where they think they are safe until they realize that there is an old coal chute that accesses the basement from the outside. Before they can find where the old coal chute comes in at, an alien reaches from behind and grabs Morgan by the face causing him to have an asthma attack. His inhaler is upstairs where they cannot get to it. His dad keeps him calm and stable. After they think the coast is clear, Graham carries Morgan upstairs and lays him down so he can get his medicine. To their surprise when they come back into the room, Morgan is being carried by an alien. Graham says to Merrill, swing away, swing away. The statement by his wife finally makes sense to him. As Merrill grabs the baseball bat off the wall mount, the alien gives a puff of green gas into Morgan’s face out of something on its wrist. As Merrill smacks it with the bat it falls into a stand and a glass of water spills onto its shoulder and melts the skin off of it. They then realize this is why Bo has been sitting glasses of water all over the house. As Graham picks Morgan up, he says his lungs where closed, the poisonous gas did not enter his lungs. This is when he realizes that there was a reason that his son was born with asthma. The end of the movie shows him getting dressed as a Reverend, so I assume he was returning to Church as a Reverend. The characters in this film are Episcopalians. The father a Reverend and his brother and kids are devout followers. They cherish the value of family and being together. Graham questioned his faith and even quit practicing due to the death of his wife. It made him question if there is a god, why would he do this to him, a reverend. He got so angry at god that he denied him and blamed the death of his wife on him only to eventually realize that god has his reasons for doing the things that he does even if it is not popular with the people that it affects at the current time. Nothing is left to chance. He lost his wife in one sense, but god saved his son after praying, so this brought him back to his faith. The statement about there being two groups of people in the world has a lot of insight in the real world. If you believe in a higher power, then you will, or at least should always have hope. It is a great thing knowing that you always have someone there to talk to, even in the darkest hour, no matter what. I think another major point to the movie is that not everything is god’s fault and that he has reasons behind the things that he does. Sometimes people get lost from their faith, that is a normal occurrence, but hopefully you find your way back one way or another. I think that the movie gets its point of faith across pretty well in this movie, it shows both sides, losing your faith and reconnecting with it. It displays a reason why one might lose their faith.

Improving Student Learning And Achievement - 879 Words

Many highly effective schools have changed their outlook on assessment and how they use assessment. Highly effective schools have also helped the students become more accountable for their learning. Making these two changes brought about a significant increase in student learning and achievement. Using comprehensive assessments have brought about positive changes in student learning through achieving assessment balance and quality and increasing teacher involvement in the assessment process. Focusing on assessment for the annual state standardized test drives the curriculum and instruction of too many schools.Teaching to the test to improve student achievement puts true student learning and potential at risk. Shifting the focus from No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and making adequate yearly progress (AYP) frees schools to do what they were intended to do, educate future citizens. Accountability is a powerful tool when it is used correctly and placed where it should be. Schools and teache rs must be held accountable for student learning, however, should the students also shoulder some of the responsibility as well? Highly effective schools think so and have made the changes to do so. Comprehensive Assessment Comprehensive assessments provide evidence of student learning. There are three instrumental ways to adapt instruction to improve student learning; challenging and meaningful assessment, feedback and motivation (Vega, 2014). First, assessments should be challenging andShow MoreRelatedImproving Student Learning And Achievement896 Words   |  4 Pagesare being made a priority, time to plan and implement needs to be allowed for as well. There is a need to prioritize initiatives and re-focus so that teachers are not doing a little of this and that but are learning and implementing strategies that will affect student learning and achievement. The last area of concern is SCHS needs to develop an implementation plan for PLC’s. These PLC’s could be used to tackle the areas of concern and weakness. (links to these located on page 24) I feel this presentationRead MoreOur School Vision States And Identifies What Type Of School We Hope1170 Words   |  5 PagesSamaritan, we strive to be an inclusive learning community where all members of our school community are given the opportunity to share in a living relationship with God. As such, we seek to create a culture of learning excellence in partnership with our students, their family, and the wider communities to which our school belongs. To create a culture of learning excellence where: †¢ Different learning styles are understood and respected. †¢ A desire for life-long learning is generated. †¢ Knowledge, ideasRead MoreHomework And Its Effect On Student Achievement922 Words   |  4 PagesHomework Homework is the idea of extending the school day, by assigning students work to be done at home. There are many different opinions of homework and its effectiveness, overall homework has been proven to have a positive effect on student achievement. John Hattie explores a study done by Cooper in 1989. â€Å"Cooper’s results suggest that more task-oriented homework had higher effects than did deep learning and problem solving homework†¦ Homework involving high level conceptual thinking and projectRead MoreProfessional Development Of The Volusia County School Essay967 Words   |  4 Pagesthe teaching and learning process. Keywords: Assessment, Volusia Proficiency Model, Problem Solving PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT EXPLORATION 3 Introduction The Volusia County School Board has sought to improve teacher performance and student learning with the introduction of the Professional Development System. This system encourages teachers to engage in continuous professional learning to increase theirRead MoreHistory Of Education1192 Words   |  5 Pagesof the book, I am in full agreement with authors’ opinions and statements. We are expecting the American educational system to ensure that all students succeed and at the same time to endure drastic cuts to school budgets, it is an ironic conundrum. The authors’ viewpoint that the socio-economic standing of students plays a significant factor in students being able to graduate from high school and the ability to be successful the years after graduation I believe is very accurate. Dufour and MarzanoRead MoreSchool Climate And Relationships By Marc Funderburk1046 Words   |  5 Pageseducators have identified school climate as an important factor in improving student achievement. Schools that foster high-quality relationships among students and teachers feel safe and secure. If a student feels that a teacher does not care about him or her, this perception will impact the student’s behavior in the classroom. Problem Statement Since the implementation of NCLB, educational leaders are being held accountable for their students success or failure on mandated state and national standardizedRead MoreDefining Underachievement1788 Words   |  7 PagesUnder-achievement is a threatening position to educators and can be a disruptive force throughout education systems. The idea of under-achievement suggests that the systems is at fault because students do not reach their potential under the guidance of that system. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the idea or terminology of under-achievement in the context of my specific teaching scenario. I will present my argument by first, introducing literature that has been specifically enlightening towardsRead MoreExamples Of Intersections Of Multiple Measures972 Words   |  4 Pagesof two measures (Bernhardt): Is there a relationship between project-based learning (School Process) and the perceptions of students of the learning environment (Perceptions)? What is the relationship between student attendance (Demographics) and ACT Aspire scores (Student Learning)? Intersection of three measures (Bernhardt): Does project based learning (School Processes) increase post-secondary success (Student Learning) of different genders (Demographics) in STEM (School Processes)? How does anRead MoreThe Relationship Between Effective Teaching And Student Achievement1630 Words   |  7 Pageseffective teaching and student achievement? The relationship between effective teaching and student achievement is powerful. In fact, effective teaching instruction is the foundation for student success. According to Schmoker (2006), effective instruction plays a stronger role in student achievement than the economic nature of the community and/or the financial situation of a school district. A solid data-based curriculum taught by effective teachers is the key to improving lives and society in generalRead MoreThe Vision Development Plan Provided An Amazing Opportunity968 Words   |  4 Pageshow to truly create a vision of excellence and student success. As educators, we must be readily available to meet the demands of today’s educational system. It is important that we implement a comprehensive approach that includes all stakeholders in an effort to increase student achievement and school success. There is a substantial amount of evidence that demonstrates the benefits that family and community participation have o n student achievement as well as catalyzing and sustaining school improvement

How Do Other People Influence Our Behavior Essay example

How do other people influence our behaviour? The public may influence our behaviour though social influence in two different ways, the first is normative influence which is â€Å"an influence to conform to the positive expectations of others† (Cohen 1964). This is shown by Asch where the participant’s task was to compare the length of the lines by matching the standard line with three comparisons, one of which was clearly obvious the correct answer this is known as an unambiguous task. Asch found that when the majority of the confederate said the wrong answer the minority who was the participant also gave the wrong answer knowing it wasn’t correct (Asch 1956) this shows how they changed their answer to fit in with the group even when they knew†¦show more content†¦Later research by Perrin and Spenser in 1980 carried out the exact experiment on British engineering, maths and chemistry students. They found that out of 396 trials only in one of the trials a participant conformed to the majority that were wrong (McLeod 2008). This is clear evidence showing poor reliability of Asch study and it shows how in modern day society people may be less influence by others. One way the public may influence our behaviour is by persuasive communication this shows how an individual’s attitude may change by external messages and influence their behaviour. As research from Hovland and Weiss in 1952 shows how experts are more persuasive than non-experts. As they found the same arguments were seen to be more persuasive when delivered by someone who seems to know all the facts (Hogg Vaugham 2011). This meaning that when people are told information by an authority figure who may be seen as an expert they are more likely to trust it and this can lead to them modifying their attitudes and behaviour. For example a teacher may tell a child that they are not very academically cleaver leading them to believe this and changing their attitudes and beha viour like not completing assignments or comingShow MoreRelatedNature Vs. Nurture : Human Behavior1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe thought that a human’s behavior is determined by genes is ridiculous. Human behavior is not genetically pre-determined; rather, it is a result of environmental influences. The influences we surround ourselves with is how we are going conduct yourself. Humans are influenced by other humans. Our behavior is determined by who we want to be like and look up too and that has nothing to do with our genes. A human’s behavior is by choice not inherited. Many people argue over this topic nature vs. nurtureRead MoreNature Or Nurture Influences Individual Violent Behavior1609 Words   |  7 Pagesnurture influences individual violent behavior. People are concerned about what makes an individual to engage in violent behavior such murder or burglary among other types of crimes. They are also concerned about what makes people stop such behavior. However, there is no precise conception whether nature, nurture or both influence violence. Some people assume that, violent behavior results from individual’s life experiences or upbringing also known as nurture. Others feel that violent behavior is moreRead MoreThe Biological Approach : Mental Processes And Behaviors1356 Words   |  6 Pagesprocesses and behaviors by focusing on genetics and physiology. Psychologists who use the biological approach believe that mental processes and behaviors are caused and explained by activity between the nervous system and the brain. The biological a pproach is very scientific; therefore, psychologists can perform consistent, measureable experiments to examine how our genes, neuronal activity, and neurotransmitters interact with our environment and how they influence our mental processes and behaviors. PsychologistsRead MoreHow Do We Make Our Choices?954 Words   |  4 Pageswe should be happy because it is a good thing to have the freedom to make our own choices. But with so many options, how do we make our choices? For example, with television commercials, advertisers need to be very smart and creative with how they endorse their product because seconds count. Sometimes we are not even fully listening to what the commercial is about, but there is something that sticks in our minds to influence us to act one way or another. One way advertisers use creativity and clevernessRead MoreDoes Music Influence Us?870 Words   |  4 PagesCan Music really influence you? We live in a world where we listen to music frequently because we are surrounded by it constantly therefore hard to avoid. If we do not wish to see something we close our eyes and if we don’t wish to hear something we cover our ears but it does not block the sound completely. [3] We hear music in stores, restaurants, in our cars, in our houses, and with our headphones. I believe music can influence everyone but up to a certain degree. There has been many researchRead MoreSociological Perspectives On Psychology And Psychology956 Words   |  4 Pagesof human behavior. It is the scientific study of one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior. (Ciccarelli White, 2015) There are seven perspectives that psychology is fit into known as The Theoretical Perspectives. These perspectives include the psychoanalytical approach, the behavioral approach, the humanistic approach, the cognitive approach, the sociocultural approach, the psychological or neuropsychological approach, and fi nally the evolutionary approach.(Ciccarelli White, 2015) Our focus forRead MoreMy Theory Of Motivation And Its Origin936 Words   |  4 Pagessociocultural influences affecting our behavior to belong within our culture through external input from parents and peers, experiences, and media exposure, as it pertains to acceptance of ourselves. This theory has been formulated through a combination of college course work and from personal observations of people within my life. When I was in my social psychology class at Seton Hill University it opened up a new way of thinking about how big an influence society can affect our motivational goalsRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : The Biological Approach962 Words   |  4 Pagesabout how you are born. The genes that you are born with that make you who you are. When referring to nurture I am talking about how someone is raised. Such as the environment you live in and what is taught to you. As humans we cannot control our nature it is simply wha t you are born with. When you are born you have all your genes that will decide what you look like, how tall or short you will be, so why do we not believe that our behavioral tendencies, and personality attributes come from our genesRead MorePsychology is the Scientific Study of Mental and Behavioral Processing1251 Words   |  5 Pagesthe scientific study of mental and behavior processes. It’s thus seeks to describe, explain, predict, and control the processes involved in areas such as perception, learning, emotion, and personality. All these topics are the province of the branch of social psychology. Social psychologists study the nature and causes of our behavior and mental processes in social institution (Baron Byrne, 1991). As a human being definitely we have a disparity experiences in our daily life, actually it’s the processRead MoreTo Do What We Do1368 Words   |  5 Pageswe humans do what we do? I have observed and speculated for years but it is of just r ecently that I thought of scientifically ripping the question apart to find a â€Å"real† and â€Å"true† answer. I believe it all comes down to behavior. Behavior is made up of and influenced by attitudes, ethics, harm, fairness, community, purity, values, culture, authority, persuasion, and genetics. I believe that there is an even mix of all of these attributes that equals the end product: our behaviors, our desires, and

Small Business Credit - 1589 Words

1) Introduction We have done our best for the UK economy; key statics show our performance over the period of our regime. In 2007, when we took over sovereign debt crisis were knocking at our doorsteps. We needed to introduce new banking reforms to kick back that double dip financial recession and to retrieve our economy. We have changed our lending pattern to save taxpayers money to boost our economy. Key reforms are as follows 2) Provision of small business credit. a) Department of business innovation skills We realize that SME’s are crucial for UK economy, In first quarter of 2013 there were around 4.9 million businesses were private, among those 99.9 % were SME’s. Almost 44% of SME’s are using external finance; reportedly bigger SME’s are using more external finance. According to BIS survey, most of SME’s are not using direct loan they use other forms of finance, like lease, hire purchase, invoice finance etc. b) Big society bank now known as big society capital group. Prime Minister, David Cameron, said: â€Å"When I announced the idea of a Big Society Bank, I wanted to help social enterprises and other groups to grow and expand their vital work. I am delighted that with today’s announcement of the organisation’s first investment, this vision is becoming a reality†. Basic structure of Big Society Capital bank Merylin Banks Big society trust Charitabe Foundation operating company CLS Big SocietyShow MoreRelatedHow A Small Business Loan With Bad Credit2621 Words   |  11 PagesTitle: How to Get a Small Business Loan with Bad Credit to Save Money Description- Always try comparing the loans coming from different lenders as this will help you in getting hold of the most beneficial deal. Getting a small business loan with bad credit is not very easy but it is always possible. Small business loans are important for the expansion and the success of small businesses. Loans are only available to businessmen with good credit. A businessman with bad credit will not be able to availRead MoreCredit Card Crisis For Students And Small Business Owners1858 Words   |  8 PagesClass : ENGL 109M Prof: Blair Overby Audience: Consumer/Students and small business owners. Credit Card Crisis for students and small business owners. In the modern era, credit card is being the efficient and secured form of payment which is becoming a necessity for every individual rather than a choice. Especially in United States of America, credit card is being considered as an essential part of life. Since the introduction of Credit cards back in 1920s, the payment system has been revolutionized andRead MoreVisa Is A Global Company800 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent aspects of the economy that it does business in. The economy is constantly fluctuating and Visa needs to be aware of economic factors if it is going to be successful in business. If there is a downturn in the economy there may be more use of credit cards to make ends meet or there could be a shift in government processes that could affect Visa positively or negatively. Keeping aware of these factor is just as much a part of every day business as the transactions they process. One of theRead MoreObamacare Will Impose New Health Coverage963 Words   |  4 Pagesdesire to provide health coverage, and motivation to grow in terms of both income and employment. Further Burdening Businesses. Obamacare is likely to exacerbate many of the concerns and costs that are already burdening businesses—particularly small-business owners—in at least four ways. 1. Higher Health Care Costs. Obamacare does nothing to reduce the continually increasing costs facing businesses that provide health insurance coverage. In fact, Obamacare’s wide variety of benefit and coverage mandates—combinedRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act Bill ( Aca )1442 Words   |  6 Pagesconstitutionality of the bill the ACA is a very intriguing topic. Small businesses account for a large portion of job growth in America and there are fears that the ACA will squander this growth and have a negative impact on the economy. Information gathered from business owner accounts of the ACA and its impact on business and statistical numbers from agencies will determine whether the ACA had a negative or positive impact on small business in America. In an article written by the Washington Post inRead MoreAffordable Care Act And Small Business1662 Words   |  7 PagesAffordable Care Act and Small Business Many people have a lot of questions when it comes to the new healthcare reform law. First off Obamacare is formally called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is the healthcare reform law that was signed in 2010 and now many states have opened their health insurance marketplace exchanges as of October 1, 2013. This new healthcare reform law aims to increase the number of Americans that are coveredRead MoreWhy Is It So Difficult?1121 Words   |  5 Pagesdownright impossible for the small business owner to navigate due to conflicting advice on the internet. Why is it so difficult, and seemingly against regulations, for the small S corporation to provide additional assistance to the employees, including the shareholders? It seems that as a result of ACA, many employers saw that it made more sense to allow employees to acquire insurance through the marketplace. A win-win since the employee can take advantage of tax credits, and the company saves moneyRead More The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and The Industries Development and Regulation Act1108 Words   |  4 PagesRegulation Act, 1951, undertake the legal and conceptual framework for small and supported industries. This act provided essential powers to Central Government to encourage small and medium scale industrie s. ‘Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006’ launched to promote and develop small, medium scale enterprises. This act aims to accomplish long-term goals by government and MSME stakeholders. The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), is launched by Government of IndiaRead MoreBusiness Financing For Small Businesses Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesSmall Business Loans Starting a business requires capital so as to run and steer the business to profitability. There are many sources of financing tailored to meet the needs of start-ups and small businesses. Business financing usually varies depending on factors such as source of funds and the size and type of business. The process of securing funds can also be problematic for most start-ups and small business because of the unwillingness of most traditional banks to provide funds to small borrowersRead MoreStop Burdening Small Businesses938 Words   |  4 PagesStop Burdening Small Businesses As the foundation of the U.S. economy, small businesses employ 50 percent of the U.S. population. In 2010 the U.S. Census reported 27.9 million small businesses categorized by size (20-499 employees). Accounting for 64 percent of the net new jobs created between 1993 and 2011 and since the recent recession, from mid-2009 to 2011, small firms accounted for 67 percent of the net new jobs (Employment Statistics | SBA.gov, 2014). Unfortunately, rising costs and inefficient

Scotch Thistle Essay Example For Students

Scotch Thistle Essay Forage Production (Onopordum acanthium) also known as cotton thistle or woolly thistle is native of Europe and eastern Asia and is probably an escaped ornamental plant. Scotch thistle stands are dense and practically impenetrable due to the weeds spiny nature and large size. It spreads by seed and generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. It was introduced in the 1800s to the United States and it crowds out native species and crops. Scotch thistle is a branched, robust biennial (or sometimes annual) although it can behave as a winter or summer annual or a short-lived perennial under certain situations. Often grows 8 feet or more in height and 6 feet in width. Main stems may be up to 4 inches wide at the base. Stems have vertical rows of prominent, spiny, ribbon-like leaf material or wings that extend to the base of the flower heads. Leaves, which are armed with sharp, yellow spines, are up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide. Upper and lower leaf surfaces are covered with a thick mat of cotton-like or woolly hairs, which give the foliage a gray-green appearance. Plants flower in mid-summer from July to September. The globe-shaped flower heads are borne in groups of 2 or 3 on branch tips. Flower heads are up to 2 inches in diameter, with long, stiff, needle-like bracts at the base. Flowers range in color from dark pink to lavender. Seeds are smooth, slender, and plumed. As a biennial, Scotch thistle typically lives fo r two growing seasons. Seeds usually germinate in the late fall, but germination can occur at other times, as well. Seedlings that appear in late autumn behave as true biennials, but seedlings produced during late summer or early autumn behave as annuals. During its first year, Scotch thistle produces a rosette with a taproot that may extend down 1 foot or more. Early in the second year, the plant bolts. Plants produce 8,400 to 40,000 seeds. Reports on seed longevity in the soil vary from unknown to up to 20+ years. Seeds are dispersed locally by wind; humans, water, livestock, and wildlife are involved in longer-distance dispersal. Seeds are sensitive to light. While some seeds will germinate in the dark, studies indicate that most germination occurs with alternating light/dark cycles, with 8 hours being the optimal day length Scotch thistle is a wasteland weed that generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. If not controlled, it presses into farmland or forms de nse canopies in any area overgrazed or not under intense cultivation. It is a major agricultural weed in the western United States. If the soil is moist enough, it has the ability to re-sprout when its roots are cut up during cultivation. In the western U.S., Scotch thistle infests wet meadows and pastures, as well as more arid big sagebrush sites. Scotch thistle is often associated with waste places, as well as rivers, streams, canals, or other waterways. It can also be abundant in dry pastures, fields, and rangeland. In particular, the plant thrives in light, well-drained, and sandy or stony soils. Temperature and moisture, rather than soil nutrient concentrations determine the ecological performance of Onopordum species. It is a major issue in rangeland management in northeastern Oregon, Idaho, and Utah. Scotch thistle can spread rapidly. For example, it was first found in Utah in 1963. By 1981, it covered approximately 6070 hectares in 17 counties. Eight years later, it had spre ad to cover more than 22,540 hectares in 22 counties. Small areas can be eradicated by digging. Plants must be cut off below the soil, leaving no leaves attached. Mowing has limited effectiveness for controlling Scotch thistle. It usually only prevents seed production if done either immediately prior to flowering or when plants are just starting to flower. When mowing is conducted too early, it may only delay flowering. However, when plants are cut too late in the flowering process, viable seed may still develop in the capitula following cutting. Because there can be a wide variety in the maturity of plants, a single mowing is unlikely to provide satisfactory control. .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .postImageUrl , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:hover , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:visited , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:active { border:0!important; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:active , .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufd11502c579b603458ec042ef8ac768a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Visual Arts in the Philippines Essay Establishing and maintaining dense, vigorous, competitive pasture can effectively prevent Scotch thistle establishment. Healthy pasture is particularly important in the autumn, when most Scotch thistle seeds germinate. Thistle invasion in unlikely to occur in un-grazed pasture. Goats will graze Scotch thistle, reducing plant numbers and preventing seed production. Herbicides, Picloram, dicamba, 2,4-D, dicamba + 2,4,-D, and metsulfuron are effective for controlling Scotch thistle. Application rates vary depending on stand density and environmental conditions. Herbicides should be applied in the spring before Scotch thistle bolts, or in the fall to rosettes (Beck 1991). . For chemical control recommendations, refer to the Pacific Northwest Weed Control Handbook, an annually revised publication available from Washington State University Cooperative Extension. Here are a few guidelines to help lessen the spread of noxious weeds in Idaho. ?Avoid driving in noxious weed infested areas. Seeds can become stuck in tire treads or mud on the vehicle and be carried to unaffected areas. ?Dont transport flowering plants that you cannot identify. ?If you find a small number of isolated noxious weeds that have no flowers or seeds, pull the weeds and leave them where you found them to dry out. ?If you find noxious weeds and they have flowers or seeds, pull them, place them in a plastic bag or container to avoid spreading seeds, and either burn them or dispose of them in a sanitary landfill. ?Report newly-found noxious weeds to the county weed superintendent or county extension office. Here are some interesting facts about the Scotch thistle. It has been credited with helping Scotland fend off Viking invasion. As the Vikings moved into Scotland for a sneak attack, they yelled out in pain when they stumbled through thistle plants. Their cries alerted the Scots and allowed them to push out the Vikings. Since then, Scotch thistle has been the national emblem of Scotland. Scotch thistle was probably introduced to North America as an ornamental plant in the late nineteenth century Scotch thistle is sometimes sold as an ornamental plant. It has reportedly been used to treat cancers and ulcers and to diminish discharges of mucous membranes. The receptacle was eaten in earlier times like an artichoke. The cottony hairs on the stem have been occasionally collected to stuff pillows. Oil for Scotch thistle seeds has been used in Europe for burning and cooking. Sourceshttp://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ONAC http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/scotchtthistle.shtmlhttp://www.oneplan.org/Crop/noxWeeds/index.asp#copyright http://oregon.gov/ODA/PLANT/WEEDS/profile_taurianthistle.shtml http://oregon.gov/ODA/PLANT/WEEDS/profile_scotchthistle.shtml

The Crucible for its historical aspect Essay Example

The Crucible for its historical aspect Paper The Crucible is a play written by Arthur Miller in 1952. It was set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692 and tells us of the Puritan community. Puritans were extremely religious and felt it very important that their children learned to read the bible as soon as possible. To be judged a good person, you had to know your commandments and have a good knowledge of the bible and respect it. All the communities laws and teachings were based around the bible. The atmosphere in Salem is described in the book as acrimonious and joyless and was threatened by imaginary devils and the Indians. The inhabitants of Salem had to work very hard for their money and the communitys laws did not permit them to have fun. Even reading a novel was described as having fun and so novels, along with many other things, were banned, they were also obsessed with sin and damnation. As Salem had a theocratic society peoples sins were a matter of public concern. So prying into others lives to expose their sins was encouraged; this is why Abigail was praised for speaking out. The title, The Crucible is interesting because a crucible is a container used to heat metals at a high temperature. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible for its historical aspect specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible for its historical aspect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible for its historical aspect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The main reason for this is to remove impurities from substances. This is used as a continuous metaphor throughout the book. Some of the characters attempt to rid themselves of their impurities by undertaking heroic and brave decisions and actions. John Proctor refuses to name others who trafficked with the devil in Act 4: They think to go like saints. I like not to spoil their names. This also emphasizes my point of the importance of a person reputation in the community. Giles Cory also refuses to give the name of the person who signed the deposition against Thomas Putnam and is killed for contempt. This is told to us by Elizabeth Proctor in Act 4: He were not hanged. He would not answer aye or nay to his indictment; for if he denied the charge theyd hang him surely, and auction out his property. So he stand mute, and died Christian under the law We are told how he died the next time she speaks: They press him John. Also the community, especially the judges, thought that the hanging of the witches was preserving the towns purity. The time the book was written, 1952, it was the time of the McCarthy Anti-Communist trials. These trials are the main reason that Miller decided to write the play as he felt that what was happening now was exactly the same as the events which took place in Salem in 1692. Miller himself describes the McCarthy trials as a modern parallel. He says that McCarthy had been ruthlessly determined to hunt out communists as the judges of Salem had been in 1692. During the trials, McCarthy, like the Salem judges, asked the people who confessed to bring others down with them. If the named nobody then they would be punished for contempt. This is like the Salem witch trials. Miller himself was called up and underwent a long interrogation three years after the book was written. Miler told them that he had attended a meeting of communist writers nine years previous yet when asked to give the names of those also present, Miller acted as John Proctor did some three hundred years earlier and refused to give the names of others. Arthur Miller did not just write The Crucible for its historical aspect but he used it to inform the public of the events in America. The Essay. One of the first themes of The Crucible is intolerance. People who did not follow the communitys laws or went against what was normal were seen to be a threat to the public and against their religion. The communitys beliefs stated that everyone belonged to God or the Devil. (There be no road between). Anybody who had a conflicting opinion were said to be with the Devil. Intolerance did seem to affect the judges arbitration of the trials. Miller makes this apparent in Act 3, when Danforth says A person is either with this court or he must be counted against it. This shows a distinct intolerance to people who had different opinions and if they did so then they were against God. The overlapping of speech and interruptions are the dramatic devices which really bring out a characters intolerance. Parris continually interrupts and we are shown that Danforth is intolerant, if not impatient, by the way he interrupts Parris and orders him to be silent. In Act 3: (In his first real outburst, in which his contempt for Parris is clear) Mr Parris I bid you be silent! I think that this is a good move by Danforth because the way the book is written, people automatically dislike Parris and so by doing this Danforth earns a bit of respect for himself and shows the audience and the rest of the characters that he is still in charge of proceedings. Despite this, Miller tells us that he is not sure whether he made Danforth evil enough. Another example of intolerance is when Proctor grabs hold of Mary Warren in a bid to urge her to say what she knows, or at least what he has told her to say. This physical contact is another dramatic device that Miller uses in order to portray a characters feelings and in this case Proctors urgency and desperation. This action could also have been put in to show Proctors more aggressive side which Mary Warren informs Danforth does not exist. Another theme of the book is hysteria. This theme is probably the most important and prominent one. The trials only continue because people choose to believe what they are hearing about people despite the fact they may have known them all their lives. In The Crucible the hysteria escalates because people choose to accept the accusations of others, not just out of religious belief but out of revenge. (Sparknotes. com) A good example of this is Abigail Williams who uses the hysterical situation to accuse Elizabeth Proctor to try and have John Proctor to herself. She was sacked from her job as a servant to the Proctors because she committed adultery with John Proctor and Abigail wants him back. She seems extremely desperate to get him back and I think that she would go to any lengths in order to get what she wanted. Unfortunately for Abigail, Proctor refused to let her have her way and eventually died knowing he had purified himself. Mr. Parris also uses the situation to his advantage by managing to join the court and tries to get the condemned hung so that he can claim their land. He ends up a part of the court and uses his newly found status to attempt to alter Danforths mental path or in other words he attempted to make Danforth think as he did. Thomas Putnam also uses the hysteria to his advantage.